SEJARAH TANAH MALAYA

-potret parameswara-


CERITA TANAH INI VERSI KURUN KE-15....


1400:
1.Parameswara or Raja Iskandar Syah, who came from Srivijaya/Palembang made Malacca as his satate. He became the first ruler of Malacaa.
= Parameswara atau Raja Iskandar Syah yang berasal dari Srivijaya/Palembang telah menjadikan Melaka sebagai negeri. Baginda menjadi Raja Melaka yang pertama. Menurut Sejarah Melayu (Sulalatus Salatin), Parameswara merupakan Raja Melaka yang pertama memeluk Islam.

1403:
Yin Ching's delegation from China arrived in Malacca.
= Rombongan Yin Ching dari China tiba di Melaka.

1405:
Malacca sent a delegation to China to foster diplomatic relations and friendship
= Melaka menghantar rombongan ke China untuk menjalin hubungan diplomatik dan persahabatan.

1406:
China recognised Raja Iskandar as the king and Malacca as s sovereign state.
= China mengiktiraf Raja Iskandar sebagai Raja Melaka dan Melaka sebagai kerajaan yang berdaulat.

1409:
Admiral Cheng Ho's delegation from China arrived in Malacca, bringging with them the regalia of the Chinese kingdom.
= Rombongan Laksamana Cheng Ho dari China tiba di Melaka membawa alat-alat kebesaran kerajaannya.

1411:
Raja Iskandar Syah visited China.
= Raja Iskandar Syah melawat Negeri China.

1414:
King Iskandar Syah died and replaced by his son, Mahkota Iskandar Syah. The new ruler embraced Islam and married the princess of Pasai. Many leaders and people in Malacca also began to embrace Islam.
=Raja Iskandar Syah mengkat dan digantikan oleh puteranya, Mahkota Iskandar Syah. Baginda juga telah memeluk agama Islam dan berkahwin dengan puteri Raja Pasai. Ramai pembesar dan rakyat Melaka mula memeluk agama Islam.

1419:
Raja Mahkota Iskandar Syah visited China.
= Raja Mahkota Iskandar Syah melawat China.

1424:
Raja Mahkota Iskandar Syah died and replaced by his son, Sri Maharaja Muhammad Syah. He refined the practices and rituals of the Malacca Sultanate. He also strived to develop Malacca.
=Raja Mahkota Iskandar Syah mangkat dan digantikan oleh puteranya, Sri Maharaja Muhammad Syah. Baginda juga berusaha memajukan Melaka.

1442:
Sri Maharaja Muhammad Syah visited China.
= Sri Maharaja Muhammad Syah melawat negeri China.

1444:
Sri Maharaja Muhammad Syah died and replaced by his son, Raja Ibrahim, who was also known as Sri Parameswara Dewa Syah.
= Sri Maharaja Muhammad Syah mangkat dan digantikan oleh puteranya, Raja Ibrahim, bergelar Sri Parameswara Dewa Syah.

1446:
1. Rebellion at the Malacca palace led by the half brother of Sri Parameswara Dewa Syah, Raja Kassim. Sri Parameswara was outsed and mudered in the uprising. Raja Kassim became the ruler known as Sultan Muzaffar Syah.
= Berlaku pemberontakan di istana Melaka yang dipimpin oleh Raja Kassim, saudara tiri kepada Sri Parameswara Dewa Syah. Baginda telah digulingkan dan terbunuh dalam peristiwa itu. Raja Kassim menaiki takhta bergelar Sultan Muzaffar Syah.

2. Sultan Muzaffar Syah became Malacca's fifth ruler. He ruled with fairness and made Islam the official religion of Malacca.
= Sultan Muzaffar Syah menjadi Raja Melaka yang kelima. Baginda memerintah dengan adil dan menjadikan agama Islam sebagai agama rasmi Melaka.

3. The Siamese attacked Malacca through Pahang. The Siamese army was defeated. Sultan Muzaffar Syah and his men continued to develop Malacca.
= Siam menyerang Melaka melalui Pahang. Siam dapat dikalahkan. Sultan Muzaffar Syah dan pembesar-pembesar terus memajukan Melaka.

4. Tun Perak, the son of former Bendahara Sri Wak Raja emerged as Malacca's potential leader. Tun Perak was appointed as the Bendahara after successfully organising the defence of Malaccaand defeating the Siamese army.
= Tun Perak, putera bekas Bendahari Sri Wak Raja muncul sebagai tokoh dan pemimpin berpotensi bagi Melaka. Tun Perak dilantik menjadi Bendahara selepas berjaya mengelolakan pertahanan Melaka dari serangan Siam.


1456:
The Siamese attacked Malacca again. Under Tun Perak's leadership, Malacca was able to defeat the Siamese army. Malacca became more prosperous.
= Siam menyerang Melaka sekali lagi. Di bawah pimpinan Tun Perak, Melaka dapat mengalahkan Siam. Melaka semakin bertambah maju.

1459:
1. Sultan Muzaffar Syah died and replaced by his son, Raja Abdullah, who was known as Sultan Mansor Syah.
= Sultan Muzaffar Syah mangkat dan digantian oleh puteranya, Raja Abdullah dengan gelaran Sultan Mansor Syah.

2. Sultan Mansor Syah became the sixth ruler of Malacca. Malacca became more developed. The empire became larger encompassing Kampar, Siak and Haru. He ruled with fairness and Malacca became a strong, superior and famous empire.
= Sultan Mansor Syah ditabalkan menjadi Sultan Melaka yang keenam. Melaka bertambah maju. Tanah jajahannya diperluaskan, termasuk Kampar, Siak dan Haru. Baginda memerintah dengan adil dan saksama. Melaka menjadi sebuah empayar yang kuat, agong dan mashyur.

1459-1477:
The golden age of the malay Sultanate of Malacca which was a mighty maritime empire.
=Merupakan Zman Keemasan Empayar atau Kesultanan Melayu Melaka dan menjadi empayar kelautan yang gagah.

1460:
Hang Tuah and his four brothers (Jebat, Kasturi, Lekir and Lekiu) as the warriors of Malacca. Hang Tuah was most noted among the five brothers for his bravey, strength and lkoyalty to the Sultan and country.
= Hang Tuah lima bersaudara (Jebat, Kasturi, Lekir dan Lekiu) sebagai pahlawan2 Melaka, terutamanya selai Hang Tuah kerana keberanian, kehandalan dan kegagahannyaserta ketaatanya kepada Sultan dan negara.

1477:
Sultan Mansor Syah died and replaced by his son, Raja Hussin, known as Sultan Alauddin Riayat Syah.
= Sultan Mansor Syah mangkat dan digantikkan oleh puteranya, Raja Hussin dengan gelaran Sultan Alauddin Riayat Syah.

1477-1488:
Sultan Alauddin Riayat Syah ruled with fairness and tried to implement Islamic laws in the Mlaccaa empire.
=Sultan Alauddin Riayat Syah memerintah dengan adil dan cuba melaksanakan undang2 Islam dan empayar Melayu Melaaka.

1488:
1. Sultan Alaudin Riayat Syah died and replaaced by his son, Raja Muhammad, known as Sultan Mahmud Syah.
= Sultan Alauddin Riayat Syah mangkat dan digantikkan oleh puteranya, Raja Muhammad bergelar Sultan Mahmud Syah.

2. Sultan Mahmud Syah became the seventh ruler of Malacca. he was weak dan fond of fooling around. Yet, Bendahara Tun Perak was still able to unite the different stataes in the Malay Peninsula and four other states in east Sumatera under the Malacca empire.
= Sultan Mahmud Syah menaiki tahkta kerajaan Melaka sebagai sultan yang ketujuh. Baginda adalah seorang sultan yang lemah dan gemar berfoya-foya. tetapi dibawah pentadbiran, Bendahara Tin Perak, Melaka dapat menyatukan seluruh negeri di Sumatera Timur di bawah kuasa Melaka.

1498:
Bendahara Paduka Raja Tun Perak died and replaced by Tun Mutahir known as the Bendahara Seri Maharaja.
=Bendahara Paduka Raja Tun Perak mangkat dan digantikan oleh Tun Mutahir, bergelar Bendahara Seri Maharaja.